
CCM Offers Boeing Employees Hands-on Liquid Composite Molding Manufacturing Training
By Diane Kukich
The Boeing Company didn't have to look far to find a provider of composites manufacturing training for its Philadelphia-area employees. With support from UD's Engineering Outreach Program, the Center for Composite Materials created a series of courses for the company's aerospace engineers and technicians.
In 2004, CCM produced COMP 101, which focused on the basics of composites manufacturing and included tours of the center's laboratories. Based on the success of the first course, Boeing officials requested a more advanced class. COMP 201 was offered in 2005. |

Hands-on training included infusion of a CH-47 working platform |
On two consecutive Saturdays in November, 17 Boeing employees completed the 15-hour, hands-on course. “I think it's most impressive that these people came here for training on the weekends,” says Dirk Heider, Assistant Director for Technology at CCM and Research Professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering. “The fact that they used their free time to take the course really demonstrates their motivation to learn about composites.”
Heider also notes that most of those who took COMP 101 last year returned for the follow-on course. Plans are now underway for a third-year class, and input from former participants is being considered in planning for its content and format.
Participants in COMP 201 used the College of Engineering 's eCALCII facility in DuPont Hall to model the infusion of a composite beam with the LIMS (Liquid Injection Molding Simulation) software. They then carried that knowledge forward to facilities in CCM's Composites Manufacturing Science Laboratory, where they infused a part. The subsequent week-long break enabled CCM lab personnel to break the parts so that the participants could carry out destructive testing in Spencer Laboratory during the second session the following week.

The LIMS tutorial allowed virtual manufacturing of a composite beam
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The hands-on facet of the course was very popular and very effective, according to Heider and confirmed by participants. “I liked how the instruction was complemented with lab work,” said one. “The labs were great,” said another. “Hands-on was by far the biggest advantage,” said a third, who was new to working with composites and plans to use the knowledge in future design work and applications.
In addition to the destructive testing of the simple composite beam, Day 2 included a session during which participants made an actual part for the Boeing CH47 helicopter. “This will be a production part made by one of Boeing's suppliers via the VARTM process,” Heider says. |
“Our use of a rapid prototyping program enabled the Boeing employees to make a section of the complex part using VARTM in two hours,” he continues. “Many of them had been involved in the design of the part at Boeing, and the work done here during the class allowed them to see how it actually infused. They had had extensive experience with prepregging but not with liquid molding processes.” One participant said that he plans on using LIMS to verify vendor suggestions for gate and vent locations.
“The feedback has been outstanding,” says Kathleen C. Werrell, Assistant Dean for Engineering Outreach, “to the extent that Boeing is asking us to create another course, plus offer this one for those who could not participate this time.” Werrell credits Patrick Hailstone with promoting the course at Boeing. “He has really been our Boeing in-house marketing person, spreading the word among his colleagues, making sure they register, and getting their HR department to approve the course,” she says.
To date, all of the participants have been from Boeing's Philadelphia plant. However, according to John Lyons, a manager at Boeing and a member of UD's Engineering Outreach Advisory Committee, there is a lot of interest in the composites courses provided by CCM outside the Boeing-Philadelphia area.
“CCM and Engineering Outreach have done an outstanding job providing Boeing with a unique training opportunity that helps bridge the gap between design theory and practical use for composites,” says Lyons . “I'm looking forward to working with them to figure out a way to make the courses available to other Boeing sites.”
Heider sees another positive fallout from the courses: “Some of the Boeing engineers in Philadelphia have expressed an interest in working with us to apply the VARTM process to their other parts. We've demonstrated to them that we have a unique capability, and a new relationship is being formed as a result of that. Boeing management realizes that the company can benefit from not only our educational offerings but also our technology.”
Boeing's Lyons concurs. “ Our interest in CCM's capabilities has increased dramatically over the past year,” he says. “This course is just one example of how Boeing and the University can work together to solve industry challenges in composites.”
And, again, the kudos are validated by participants, with one commenting, “VARTM composites manufacturing may have the future in aerospace, especially at Boeing.”
Another Boeing employee summed up the entire experience: “In my work, I'm currently addressing aircraft assembly issues. I will look for opportunities to work in our composites center in the future due to the knowledge I gained from COMP 201. I liked the mix of theory and application and the focus on simulation modeling versus real manufacturing to see the correspondence and then reconciling the two in post-cure analysis. I enjoyed the depth of the software suite you utilize.”
OTHER NEWS
Prof Wagner Recognized by Delaware Section of the American Chemical Society
Norman Wagner, Alvin B. and Julia O. Stiles Professor of Chemical Engineering and a member of UD's Center for Molecular and Engineering Thermodynamics, has been selected to receive the American Chemical Society's Delaware Section Award.
Full Story in UDaily
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Norman Wagner
Alvin B. and Julia O. Stiles Professor
Chemical Engineering
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Jinguang Chen
Director, CCST, and Professor Chemical
Engineering |
CCM and ARL Collaborate to Combine Composites and Fuel Cell Technologies
A team of researchers from UD-CCM and the Army Research Laboratory (ARL) is working to marry composites technology to fuel cell technology in an attempt to reduce the weight of unmanned vehicles and extend the amount of time they are capable of traveling.
Led by Jingguang Chen, Professor of Chemical Engineering, the project is part of the Composite Materials Technology (CMT) program. Chen and Ph.D. student Erich Weigert are working closely with Dr. Joseph South and his colleagues at ARL on this new application of multifunctional composites. |
Chen explains that unmanned vehicles such as small aircraft are currently powered by batteries, which add weight and provide a limited flight time. “At an equal weight,” says Chen, “if we could increase the power by 10 times, we could achieve 10 times the flight time.”
A logical solution to the problem is to use direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs), which have an energy density about 50 times the value of the strongest currently mass-produced batteries. While DMFCs are limited in the power they can produce, they can store a great deal of energy in a small space.
The DMFC relies on the oxidation of methanol on a catalyst layer to form carbon dioxide. Water is consumed at the anode and produced at the cathode. Protons are transported across a membrane to the cathode, where they react with dioxygen to produce water. Electrons are transported via an external circuit from the anode to the cathode, providing power to external devices.
The catalyst is a critical element in the functioning of fuel cells, and one challenge is that the current technology is based on platinum catalysts, which are prohibitively expensive. Many research groups are working to find cost-effective alternatives to platinum that will be equally effective in oxidizing methanol.
The CCM-ARL research team is demonstrating that carbon composites offer the opportunity to add fuel-cell functionality to an existing structural material via the deposition of transition metals such as tungsten onto substrates such as carbon or metallic films or foams. When the material is heated, a strong bond is formed between the tungsten and the structural carbon that is already present in the vehicle or aircraft—effectively combining catalyst properties with structural properties in a single multifunctional composite.
“We're working very closely with our colleagues at ARL on this project,” says Chen. “They send us a sample, we apply the coating here, and then send it back to be placed into a fuel-cell environment for further testing. What we're doing is very fundamental, high-risk research, but the collaboration is giving us valuable feedback on the feasibility of this approach.” |
CONSORTIUM
CCM would like to welcome Current, Inc., East Haven, CT, and General Dynamics Land Systems, Sterling Heightes, MI to the University-Industry Consortium. Triton Systems, Inc., Chelmsford, MA, has recently renewed their membership and continues to participate in consortium activities.
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